The terminal
ls Listing the contents of a directory, including hidden files (ls -a), displaying details (ls -l), or combining both (ls -la).
pwd Displaying the current working directory.
cd <dir_name> Changing the current directory, navigating to root (cd /).
mkdir <dir_name> Creating a new directory.
rmdir <dir_name> Removing an empty directory.
rm <file_name> Removing files, and recursively removing directories with all contents (rm -rf <dir_name>).
cp <source> <destination> Copying files or directories to a new location.
mv <source> <destination> Moving or renaming files and directories.
touch <file_name> Creating an empty file or updating its timestamp.
nano <file_name> Opening a file in Nano editor, editing its content, creating if not exists, saving with CTRL + S, exiting with CTRL + X.
cat <file_name> Displaying the content of a file.
echo <text> Displaying text or variables in the terminal.
chmod <permissions> <file> Changing file permissions.
chown <user> <file> Changing file ownership.
ps Displaying currently running processes.
top Displaying real-time system processes and resource usage.
grep <pattern> <file> Searching for a pattern in files or output.
find <path> -name <name> Searching for files and directories in a directory hierarchy.
df -h Displaying disk space usage in human-readable format.
du -h <file/dir> Displaying disk usage of files or directories in human-readable format.
man <command> Displaying the manual of a command.
sudo <command> Executing a command with superuser privileges (admin).
ifconfig Displaying or configuring network interfaces (deprecated, use ip instead).
apt-get install <package> Installing software packages in Debian-based systems.
apt-get remove <package> Removing software packages.
apt-get update Updating package sources to latest versions.
apt-get upgrade Upgrading installed packages to the latest version.
pip3 install <module> Installing a Python module.
pip3 uninstall <module> Uninstalling a Python module.
pip3 list Listing installed Python modules.
pip3 list | grep <text> Searching for a module by name in the installed list.
python3 Opening the Python3 interactive shell (use exit() to leave).
python3 <file.py> Executing a Python3 script.
shutdown Shutting down the system.
reboot Rebooting the system.
hostname -I Displaying the system IP address.
crontab -e Editing scheduled tasks, managing recurring jobs.